RosettaCodeData/Task/Roman-numerals-Decode/Python/roman-numerals-decode-4.py

132 lines
3.3 KiB
Python

'''Roman numerals decoded'''
from operator import mul
from functools import reduce
from collections import defaultdict
from itertools import accumulate, chain, cycle
# intFromRoman :: String -> Maybe Int
def intFromRoman(s):
'''Just the integer represented by a Roman
numeral string, or Nothing if any
characters are unrecognised.
'''
def go(mb, x):
'''Just a letter value added to or
subtracted from a total, or Nothing
if no letter value is defined.
'''
if mb.get('Nothing') or None is x:
return Nothing()
else:
r, total = mb.get('Just')
return Just((
x,
total + (-x if x < r else x)
))
dct = defaultdict(
lambda: None,
zip(
'IVXLCDM',
accumulate(chain([1], cycle([5, 2])), mul)
)
)
return bindMay(
reduce(
go,
[dct[k.upper()] for k in reversed(list(s))],
Just((0, 0))
)
)(compose(Just)(snd))
# TEST ----------------------------------------------------
def main():
'''Testing a sample of dates.'''
print(
fTable(__doc__ + ':\n')(str)(
maybe('(Contains unknown character)')(str)
)(
intFromRoman
)([
"MDCLXVI", "MCMXC", "MMVIII",
"MMXVI", "MMXVIII", "MMZZIII"
])
)
# GENERIC -------------------------------------------------
# Just :: a -> Maybe a
def Just(x):
'''Constructor for an inhabited Maybe (option type) value.'''
return {'type': 'Maybe', 'Nothing': False, 'Just': x}
# Nothing :: Maybe a
def Nothing():
'''Constructor for an empty Maybe (option type) value.'''
return {'type': 'Maybe', 'Nothing': True}
# bindMay (>>=) :: Maybe a -> (a -> Maybe b) -> Maybe b
def bindMay(m):
'''Injection operator for the Maybe monad.
If m is Nothing, it is passed straight through.
If m is Just(x), the result is an application
of the (a -> Maybe b) function (mf) to x.'''
return lambda mf: (
m if m.get('Nothing') else mf(m.get('Just'))
)
# compose (<<<) :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
def compose(g):
'''Right to left function composition.'''
return lambda f: lambda x: g(f(x))
# maybe :: b -> (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> b
def maybe(v):
'''Either the default value v, if m is Nothing,
or the application of f to x,
where m is Just(x).
'''
return lambda f: lambda m: v if m.get('Nothing') else (
f(m.get('Just'))
)
# snd :: (a, b) -> b
def snd(tpl):
'''Second member of a pair.'''
return tpl[1]
# FORMATTING ----------------------------------------------
# fTable :: String -> (a -> String) ->
# (b -> String) -> (a -> b) -> [a] -> String
def fTable(s):
'''Heading -> x display function -> fx display function ->
f -> xs -> tabular string.
'''
def go(xShow, fxShow, f, xs):
ys = [xShow(x) for x in xs]
w = max(map(len, ys))
return s + '\n' + '\n'.join(map(
lambda x, y: y.rjust(w, ' ') + ' -> ' + fxShow(f(x)),
xs, ys
))
return lambda xShow: lambda fxShow: lambda f: lambda xs: go(
xShow, fxShow, f, xs
)
# MAIN ---
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()