RosettaCodeData/Task/Tic-tac-toe/Perl/tic-tac-toe-1.pl

100 lines
2.3 KiB
Perl

use warnings;
use strict;
my $initial = join ",", qw(abc def ghi);
my %reverse = qw(X O O X);
# In list context, returns best move,
# In scalar context, returns the score of best move.
my %cache;
sub best_move {
my ($b, $me) = @_;
if( exists $cache{$b,$me,wantarray} ) {
return $cache{$b,$me,wantarray};
} elsif( my $s = score( $b, $me ) ) {
return $cache{$b,$me,wantarray} = (wantarray ? undef : $s);
}
my $him = $reverse{$me};
my ($best, @best) = (-999);
for my $m (moves($b)) {
(my $with_m = $b) =~ s/$m/$me/ or die;
# The || operator supplies scalar context to best_move(...)
my $s = -(score($with_m, $him) || best_move($with_m, $him));
if( $s > $best ) {
($best, @best) = ($s, $m);
} elsif( $s == $best ) {
push @best, $m;
}
}
$cache{$b,$me,wantarray} = wantarray ? $best[rand @best] : $best;
}
my $winner = q[([XOxo])(?:\1\1|...\1...\1|..\1..\1|....\1....\1)];
sub score {
my ($b, $me) = @_;
$b =~ m/$winner/o or return 0;
return $1 eq $me ? +1 : -1;
}
sub moves {
my ($b) = @_;
$b =~ /([^xoXO,\n])/g;
}
sub print_board {
my ($b) = @_;
$b =~ s/\B/|/g;
$b =~ s/,/\n-+-+-\n/g;
print $b, "\n";
}
sub prompt {
my ($b, $color) = @_;
my @moves = moves($b);
unless( @moves ) {
return;
}
while( 1 ) {
print "Place your $color on one of [@moves]: ";
defined(my $m = <>) or return;
chomp($m);
return $m if grep $m eq $_, @moves;
}
}
my @players = (
{ whose => "your", name => "You",
verb => "You place", get_move => \&prompt },
{ whose => "the computer's", name => "Computer",
verb => "The computer places", get_move => \&best_move },
);
my $whose_turn = int rand 2;
my $color = "X";
my $b = $initial;
while( 1 ) {
my $p = $players[$whose_turn];
print_board($b);
print "It is $p->{whose} turn.\n";
# The parens around $m supply list context to the right side
# or the = operator, which causes sub best_move to return the
# best move, rather than the score of the best move.
my ( $m ) = $p->{get_move}->($b, $color);
if( $m ) {
print "$p->{verb} an $color at $m\n";
$b =~ s/$m/$color/;
my $s = score($b, $color) or next;
print_board($b);
print "$p->{name} ", $s > 0 ? "won!\n" : "lost!\n";
} else {
print "$p->{name} cannot move.\n";
}
print "Game over.\nNew Game...\n";
($b, $color, $whose_turn) = ($initial, "X", int rand 2);
redo;
} continue {
$color = $reverse{$color};
$whose_turn = !$whose_turn;
}