141 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
141 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
;Task:
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Present numbers using the Mayan numbering system (displaying the Mayan numerals in a cartouche).
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;Mayan numbers:
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Normally, Mayan <u>numbers</u> are written vertically (top─to─bottom) with the most significant
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numeral at the top (in the sense that decimal numbers are written left─to─right with the most significant
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digit at the left). This task will be using a left─to─right (horizontal) format, mostly for familiarity and
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readability, and to conserve screen space (when showing the output) on this task page.
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;Mayan numerals:
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Mayan <u>numerals</u> (a base─20 "digit" or glyph) are written in two orientations, this
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task will be using the "vertical" format (as displayed below). Using the vertical format makes
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it much easier to draw/construct the Mayan numerals (glyphs) with simple dots ('''.''')
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and hyphen ('''-'''); (however, round bullets ('''•''') and long dashes ('''─''')
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make a better presentation on Rosetta Code).
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Furthermore, each Mayan numeral (for this task) is to be displayed as a
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cartouche (enclosed in a box) to make it easier to parse (read); the box may be
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drawn with any suitable (ASCII or Unicode) characters that are presentable/visible in all web browsers.
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;Mayan numerals added to Unicode
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Mayan numerals (glyphs) were added to the Unicode Standard in June of 2018 (this corresponds with
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version 11.0). But since most web browsers don't support them at this time, this Rosetta Code
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task will be constructing the glyphs with "simple" characters and/or ASCII art.
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;The "zero" glyph:
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The Mayan numbering system has the concept of '''zero''', and should be shown by a glyph that represents
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an upside─down (sea) shell, or an egg. The Greek letter '''theta''' (<big>'''Θ'''</big>) can be
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used (which more─or─less, looks like an
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egg). A ''commercial at'' symbol (<big>'''@'''</big>) could make a poor substitute.
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;Mayan glyphs (constructed):
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The Mayan numbering system is
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a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigesimal vigesimal (base 20)]] positional numeral system.
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;The Mayan numerals (and some random numbers) shown in the ''vertical'' format would be shown as:
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║ ∙ ║ ║ ║ ║
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1──► ║ ║ 11──► ║────║ 21──► ║ ║ ║
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║ ∙ ║ ║────║ ║ ∙ ║ ∙ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║ ∙∙ ║ ║ ║ ║
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2──► ║ ║ 12──► ║────║ 22──► ║ ║ ║
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║ ∙∙ ║ ║────║ ║ ∙ ║ ∙∙ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║∙∙∙ ║ ║ ║ ║
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3──► ║ ║ 13──► ║────║ 40──► ║ ║ ║
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║∙∙∙ ║ ║────║ ║ ∙∙ ║ Θ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║∙∙∙∙║ ║ ║ ║
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4──► ║ ║ 14──► ║────║ 80──► ║ ║ ║
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║∙∙∙∙║ ║────║ ║∙∙∙∙║ Θ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║────║ ║ ║ ║
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5──► ║ ║ 15──► ║────║ 90──► ║ ║────║
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║────║ ║────║ ║∙∙∙∙║────║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ∙ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║────║ ║ ║ ║
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6──► ║ ∙ ║ 16──► ║────║ 100──► ║ ║ ║
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║────║ ║────║ ║────║ Θ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ∙∙ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║────║ ║ ║ ║
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7──► ║ ∙∙ ║ 17──► ║────║ 200──► ║────║ ║
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║────║ ║────║ ║────║ Θ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║∙∙∙ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║────║ 300──► ║────║ ║
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8──► ║∙∙∙ ║ 18──► ║────║ ║────║ ║
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║────║ ║────║ ║────║ Θ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╗ ╔════╦════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║∙∙∙∙║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║────║ 400──► ║ ║ ║ ║
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9──► ║∙∙∙∙║ 19──► ║────║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║────║ ║────║ ║ ∙ ║ Θ ║ Θ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╝ ╚════╩════╩════╝
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╔════╗ ╔════╦════╗ ╔════╦════╦════╦════╗
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║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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10──► ║────║ 20──► ║ ║ ║ 16,000──► ║ ║ ║ ║ ║
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║────║ ║ ∙ ║ Θ ║ ║ ∙∙ ║ Θ ║ Θ ║ Θ ║
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╚════╝ ╚════╩════╝ ╚════╩════╩════╩════╝
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Note that the Mayan numeral '''13''' in ''horizontal'' format would be shown as:
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╔════╗
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║ ││║
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║ ∙││║
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13──► ║ ∙││║ ◄─── this glyph form <u>won't</u> be used in this Rosetta Code task.
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║ ∙││║
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╚════╝
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Other forms of cartouches (boxes) can be used for this task.
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;Task requirements:
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:* convert the following decimal numbers to Mayan numbers:
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:::* 4,005
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:::* 8,017
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:::* 326,205
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:::* 886,205
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:* show a <u>unique</u> ''interesting/pretty/unusual/intriguing/odd/amusing/weird'' Mayan number
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:* show all output here
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;Related tasks:
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:* [[Roman numerals/Encode]] ─── convert numeric values into Roman numerals
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:* [[Roman numerals/Decode]] ─── convert Roman numerals into Arabic numbers
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;See also:
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:* The Wikipedia entry: [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_numerals Mayan numerals]]
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<br><br>
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