RosettaCodeData/Task/Call-a-function/C/call-a-function.c

66 lines
1.6 KiB
C

/* function with no argument */
f();
/* fix number of arguments */
g(1, 2, 3);
/* Optional arguments: err...
Feel free to make sense of the following. I can't. */
int op_arg();
int main()
{
op_arg(1);
op_arg(1, 2);
op_arg(1, 2, 3);
return 0;
}
int op_arg(int a, int b)
{
printf("%d %d %d\n", a, b, (&b)[1]);
return a;
} /* end of sensible code */
/* Variadic function: how the args list is handled solely depends on the function */
void h(int a, ...)
{
va_list ap;
va_start(ap);
...
}
/* call it as: (if you feed it something it doesn't expect, don't count on it working) */
h(1, 2, 3, 4, "abcd", (void*)0);
/* named arguments: this is only possible through some pre-processor abuse
*/
struct v_args {
int arg1;
int arg2;
char _sentinel;
};
void _v(struct v_args args)
{
printf("%d, %d\n", args.arg1, args.arg2);
}
#define v(...) _v((struct v_args){__VA_ARGS__})
v(.arg2 = 5, .arg1 = 17); // prints "17,5"
/* NOTE the above implementation gives us optional typesafe optional arguments as well (unspecified arguments are initialized to zero)*/
v(.arg2=1); // prints "0,1"
v(); // prints "0,0"
/* as a first-class object (i.e. function pointer) */
printf("%p", f); /* that's the f() above */
/* return value */
double a = asin(1);
/* built-in functions: no such thing. Compiler may interally give special treatment
to bread-and-butter functions such as memcpy(), but that's not a C built-in per se */
/* subroutines: no such thing. You can goto places, but I doubt that counts. */
/* Scalar values are passed by value by default. However, arrays are passed by reference. */
/* Pointers *sort of* work like references, though. */