/*global portviz:false, _:false */
/*
 * 0-1 knapsack solution, recursive, memoized, approximate.
 *
 * credits:
 *
 * the Go implementation here:
 *   http://rosettacode.org/mw/index.php?title=Knapsack_problem/0-1
 *
 * approximation details here:
 *   http://math.mit.edu/~goemans/18434S06/knapsack-katherine.pdf
 */
portviz.knapsack = {};
(function() {
  this.combiner = function(items, weightfn, valuefn) {
    // approximation guarantees result >= (1-e) * optimal
    var _epsilon = 0.01;
    var _p = _.max(_.map(items,valuefn));
    var _k = _epsilon * _p / items.length;

    var _memo = (function(){
      var _mem = {};
      var _key = function(i, w) {
        return i + '::' + w;
      };
      return {
        get: function(i, w) {
          return _mem[_key(i,w)];
        },
        put: function(i, w, r) {
          _mem[_key(i,w)]=r;
          return r;
        }
      };
    })();

    var _m = function(i, w) {

      i = Math.round(i);
      w = Math.round(w);


      if (i < 0 || w === 0) {
        // empty base case
        return {items: [], totalWeight: 0, totalValue: 0};
      }

      var mm = _memo.get(i,w);
      if (!_.isUndefined(mm)) {
        return mm;
      }

      var item = items[i];
      if (weightfn(item) > w) {
        //item does not fit, try the next item
        return _memo.put(i, w, _m(i-1, w));
      }
      // this item could fit.
      // are we better off excluding it?
      var excluded = _m(i-1, w);
      // or including it?
      var included = _m(i-1, w - weightfn(item));
      if (included.totalValue + Math.floor(valuefn(item)/_k) > excluded.totalValue) {
        // better off including it
        // make a copy of the list
        var i1 = included.items.slice();
        i1.push(item);
        return _memo.put(i, w,
          {items: i1,
           totalWeight: included.totalWeight + weightfn(item),
           totalValue: included.totalValue + Math.floor(valuefn(item)/_k)});
      }
      //better off excluding it
      return _memo.put(i,w, excluded);
    };
    return {
      /* one point */
      one: function(maxweight) {
        var scaled = _m(items.length - 1, maxweight);
        return {
          items: scaled.items,
          totalWeight: scaled.totalWeight,
          totalValue: scaled.totalValue * _k
        };
      },
      /* the entire EF */
      ef: function(maxweight, step) {
        return _.map(_.range(0, maxweight+1, step), function(weight) {
          var scaled = _m(items.length - 1, weight);
          return {
            items: scaled.items,
            totalWeight: scaled.totalWeight,
            totalValue: scaled.totalValue * _k
          };
        });
      }
    };
  };
}).apply(portviz.knapsack);

/*global portviz:false, _:false */
/*
 * after rosettacode.org/mw/index.php?title=Knapsack_problem/0-1
 */
var allwants = [
  {name:"map", weight:9, value: 150},
  {name:"compass", weight:13, value: 35},
  {name:"water", weight:153, value: 200},
  {name:"sandwich", weight: 50, value: 160},
  {name:"glucose", weight:15, value: 60},
  {name:"tin", weight:68, value: 45},
  {name:"banana", weight:27, value: 60},
  {name:"apple", weight:39, value: 40},
  {name:"cheese", weight:23, value: 30},
  {name:"beer", weight:52, value: 10},
  {name:"suntan cream", weight:11, value: 70},
  {name:"camera", weight:32, value: 30},
  {name:"T-shirt", weight:24, value: 15},
  {name:"trousers", weight:48, value: 10},
  {name:"umbrella", weight:73, value: 40},
  {name:"waterproof trousers", weight:42, value: 70},
  {name:"waterproof overclothes", weight:43, value: 75},
  {name:"note-case", weight:22, value: 80},
  {name:"sunglasses", weight:7, value: 20},
  {name:"towel", weight:18, value: 12},
  {name:"socks", weight:4, value: 50},
  {name:"book", weight:30, value: 10}
];

var near = function(actual, expected, tolerance) {
  if (expected === 0 && actual === 0) return true;
  if (expected === 0) {
    return Math.abs(expected - actual) / actual < tolerance;
  }
  return Math.abs(expected - actual) / expected < tolerance;
};

test("one knapsack", function() {
  var combiner =
    portviz.knapsack.combiner(allwants,
      function(x){return x.weight;},
      function(x){return x.value;});
  var oneport = combiner.one(400);
  ok(near(oneport.totalValue, 1030, 0.01), "correct total value");
  ok(near(oneport.totalValue, 1030, 0.01), "correct total value");
  equal(oneport.totalWeight, 396, "correct total weight");
});

test("frontier", function() {
  var combiner =
    portviz.knapsack.combiner(allwants,
      function(x){return x.weight;},
      function(x){return x.value;});
  var ef = combiner.ef(400, 1);
  equal(ef.length, 401, "401 because it includes the endpoints");
  ef = combiner.ef(400, 40);
  equal(ef.length, 11, "11 because it includes the endpoints");
  var expectedTotalValue = [
    0,
    330,
    445,
    590,
    685,
    755,
    810,
    860,
    902,
    960,
    1030
  ] ;
  _.each(ef, function(element, index) {
    // 15% error!  bleah!
    ok(near(element.totalValue, expectedTotalValue[index], 0.15),
      'actual ' + element.totalValue + ' expected ' + expectedTotalValue[index]);
  });
  deepEqual(_.pluck(ef, 'totalWeight'), [
    0,
    39,
    74,
    118,
    158,
    200,
    236,
    266,
    316,
    354,
    396
  ]);
  deepEqual(_.map(ef, function(x){return x.items.length;}), [
    0,
    4,
    6,
    7,
    9,
    10,
    10,
    12,
    14,
    11,
    12
   ]);
});