Imports System.Diagnostics ' Note: VB Visual Studio projects have System.Diagnostics imported by default, ' along with several other namespaces. Module Program Sub Main() Dim a As Integer = 0 Console.WriteLine("Before") ' Always hit. Trace.Assert(a = 42, "Trace assertion failed: The Answer was incorrect") Console.WriteLine("After Trace.Assert") ' Only hit in debug builds. Debug.Assert(a = 42, "Debug assertion failed: The Answer was incorrect") Console.WriteLine("After Debug.Assert") End Sub End Module