from itertools import combinations as comb def permutationTest(a, b): ab = a + b Tobs = sum(a) under = 0 for count, perm in enumerate(comb(ab, len(a)), 1): if sum(perm) <= Tobs: under += 1 return under * 100. / count treatmentGroup = [85, 88, 75, 66, 25, 29, 83, 39, 97] controlGroup = [68, 41, 10, 49, 16, 65, 32, 92, 28, 98] under = permutationTest(treatmentGroup, controlGroup) print("under=%.2f%%, over=%.2f%%" % (under, 100. - under))