#!/bin/sh str=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz n=12 m=5 printf %s "$str" | cut -c $n-`expr $n + $m - 1` printf %s "$str" | cut -c $n- printf '%s\n' "${str%?}" printf q%s "${str#*q}" | cut -c 1-$m printf pq%s "${str#*pq}" | cut -c 1-$m