Traduzindo a nota inicial
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#Questões para entrevista para profissionais Front-end
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@versão 1.0
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**Nota:** Este repositório contém perguntas que podem ser usadas para contratação de um candidato em potencial. Porém, não é recomendado a utilização de cada pergunta para o mesmo candidato (isso levaria horas). Escolhendo alguns items, a lista irá ajudar a analisar as competências requisitadas.
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Tenha em mente que muitas dessas questões estão em aberto e poderiam levar a discussões interessantes que irão revelar mais sobre as competências da pessoa do que uma resposta.
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####Original Contributors
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**Note:** The majority of the questions were plucked from a thread created and contributed to by the following individuals:
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* @bentruyman (http://bentruyman.com)
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* @cowboy (http://benalman.com)
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* @roger_raymond (http://twitter.com/iansym)
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* @ajpiano (http://ajpiano.com)
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* @paul_irish (http://paulirish.com)
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* @SlexAxton (http://alexsexton.com)
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* @boazsender (http://boazsender.com)
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* @miketaylr (http://miketaylr.com)
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* @vladikoff (http://vladfilippov.com)
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* @gf3 (http://gf3.ca)
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* @jon_neal (http://twitter.com/jon_neal)
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* @wookiehangover (http://wookiehangover.com)
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* @darcy_clarke (http://darcyclarke.me)
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* @tairraos (http://xiaole.happylive.org)
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* @guiiipontes (http://guilhermepontes.com)
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### General Questions:
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* Are you on Twitter?
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* If so, who do you follow on Twitter?
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* Are you on GitHub?
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* If so, what are some examples of repos you follow
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* What blogs do you follow?
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* What version control systems have you used (Git, SVN etc.)?
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* What is your preferred development environment? (OS, Editor, Browsers, Tools etc.)
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* Can you describe your workflow when you create a web page?
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* Can you describe the difference between progressive enhancement and graceful degradation?
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* Bonus points for describing feature detection
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* Explain what "Semantic HTML" means.
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* What browser do you primarily develop in and what developer tools do you use?
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* How would you optimize a websites assets/resources?
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* Looking for a number of solutions which can include:
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* File concatenation
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* File minification
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* CDN Hosted
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* Caching
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* etc.
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* Why is it better to serve site assets from multiple domains?
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* How many resources will a browser download from a given domain at a time?
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* Name 3 ways to decrease page load. (perceived or actual load time)
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* If you jumped on a project and they used tabs and you used spaces, what would you do?
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* Suggest the project utilize something like EditorConfig (http://editorconfig.org)
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* Conform to the conventions (stay consistant)
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* `issue :retab! command`
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* Write a simple slideshow page
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* Bonus points if it does not use JS.
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* What tools do you use to test your code's performance?
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* JSPerf (http://jsperf.com/)
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* Dromaeo (http://dromaeo.com/)
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* etc.
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* If you could master one technology this year, what would it be?
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* Explain the importance of standards and standards bodies.
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* What is FOUC? How do you avoid FOUC?
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### HTML-Specific Questions:
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* What's a `doctype` do, and how many can you name?
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* What's the difference between standards mode and quirks mode?
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* What are the limitations when serving XHTML pages?
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* Are there any problems with serving pages as `application/xhtml+xml`?
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* How do you serve a page with content in multiple languages?
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* What kind of things must you be wary of when design or developing for multilingual sites?
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* Can you use XHTML syntax in HTML5?
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* How do you use XML in HTML5?
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* What are `data-` attributes good for?
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* What are the content models in HTML4 and are they different in HTML5?
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* Consider HTML5 as an open web platform. What are the building blocks of HTML5?
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* Describe the difference between cookies, sessionStorage and localStorage.
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### JS-Specific Questions
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* Which JavaScript libraries have you used?
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* Have you ever looked at the source code of the libraries/frameworks you use?
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* How is JavaScript different from Java?
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* What's a hashtable?
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* What are `undefined` and `undeclared` variables?
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* What is a closure, and how/why would you use one?
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* Your favorite pattern used to create them? argyle (Only applicable to IIFEs)
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* What's a typical use case for anonymous functions?
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* Explain the "JavaScript module pattern" and when you'd use it.
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* Bonus points for mentioning clean namespacing.
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* What if your modules are namespace-less?
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* How do you organize your code? (module pattern, classical inheritance?)
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* What's the difference between host objects and native objects?
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* Difference between:
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```javascript
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function Person(){} var person = Person() var person = new Person()
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```
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* What's the difference between `.call` and `.apply`?
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* explain `Function.prototype.bind`?
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* When do you optimize your code?
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* Can you explain how inheritance works in JavaScript?
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* When would you use `document.write()`?
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* Most generated ads still utilize `document.write()` although its use is frowned upon
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* What's the difference between feature detection, feature inference, and using the UA string
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* Explain AJAX in as much detail as possible
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* Explain how JSONP works (and how it's not really AJAX)
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* Have you ever used JavaScript templating?
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* If so, what libraries have you used? (Mustache.js, Handlebars etc.)
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* Explain "hoisting".
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* Describe event bubbling.
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* What's the difference between an "attribute" and a "property"?
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* Why is extending built in JavaScript objects not a good idea?
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* Why is extending built ins a good idea?
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* Difference between document load event and document ready event?
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* What is the difference between `==` and `===`?
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* Explain how you would get a query string parameter from the browser window's URL.
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* Explain the same-origin policy with regards to JavaScript.
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* Explain event delegation.
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* Describe inheritance patterns in JavaScript.
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* Make this work:
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```javascript
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[1,2,3,4,5].duplicator(); // [1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,5]
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```
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* Describe a strategy for memoization (avoiding calculation repetition) in JavaScript.
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* Why is it called a Ternary statement, what does the word "Ternary" indicate?
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* What is the arity of a function?
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* What is `"use strict";`? what are the advantages and disadvantages to using it?
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### JS-Code Examples:
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```javascript
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~~3.14
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```
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Question: What value is returned from the above statement?
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**Answer: 3**
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```javascript
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"i'm a lasagna hog".split("").reverse().join("");
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```
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Question: What value is returned from the above statement?
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**Answer: "goh angasal a m'i"**
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```javascript
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( window.foo || ( window.foo = "bar" ) );
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```
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Question: What is the value of window.foo?
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**Answer: "bar"**
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only if window.foo was falsey otherwise it will retain its value.
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```javascript
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var foo = "Hello"; (function() { var bar = " World"; alert(foo + bar); })(); alert(foo + bar);
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```
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Question: What is the outcome of the two alerts above?
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**Answer: "Hello World" & ReferenceError: bar is not defined**
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```javascript
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var foo = [];
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foo.push(1);
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foo.push(2);
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```
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Question: What is the value of foo.length?
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**Answer: `2`
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```javascript
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var foo = {};
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foo.bar = 'hello';
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```
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Question: What is the value of foo.length?
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**Answer: `undefined`
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```javascript
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foo = foo||bar
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```
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Question: What is the mean for?
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**Answer: if(!foo) foo = bar
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```javascript
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foo>>1
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```
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Question: What is the mean for?
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**Answer: Math.floor(foo/2)
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```javascript
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foo|0
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foo+.5|0
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```
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Question: What is the mean for?
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**Answer: parseInt(foo) & Math.round(foo)
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```javascript
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function foo(bar1, bar2, bar3){}
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```
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Question: How to get the numbers of parameters?
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**Answer: foo.length //this example is 3
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### jQuery-Specific Questions:
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* Explain "chaining".
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* Explain "deferreds".
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* What are some jQuery specific optimizations you can implement?
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* What does `.end()` do?
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* How, and why, would you namespace a bound event handler?
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* Name 4 different values you can pass to the jQuery method.
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* Selector (string), HTML (string), Callback (function), HTMLElement, object, array, element array, jQuery Object etc.
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* What is the effects (or fx) queue?
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* What is the difference between `.get()`, `[]`, and `.eq()`?
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* What is the difference between `.bind()`, `.live()`, and `.delegate()`?
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* What is the difference between `$` and `$.fn`? Or just what is `$.fn`.
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* Optimize this selector:
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```javascript
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$(".foo div#bar:eq(0)")
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```
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* Difference between 'delegate()' and 'live()'?
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### CSS-Specific Questions:
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* Describe what a "reset" CSS file does and how it's useful.
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* Describe Floats and how they work.
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* What are the various clearing techniques and which is appropriate for what context?
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* Explain CSS sprites, and how you would implement them on a page or site.
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* What are your favourite image replacement techniques and which do you use when?
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* CSS property hacks, conditionally included .css files, or... something else?
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* How do you serve your pages for feature-constrained browsers?
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* What techniques/processes do you use?
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* What are the different ways to visually hide content (and make it available only for screen readers)?
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* Have you ever used a grid system, and if so, what do you prefer?
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* Have you used or implemented media queries or mobile specific layouts/CSS?
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* Any familiarity with styling SVG?
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* How do you optimize your webpages for print?
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* What are some of the "gotchas" for writing efficient CSS?
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* Do you use CSS preprocessors? (SASS, Compass, Stylus, LESS)
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* If so, describe what you like and dislike about the CSS preprocessors you have used.
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* How would you implement a web design comp that uses non-standard fonts?
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* Webfonts (font services like: Google Webfonts, Typekit etc.)
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* Explain how a browser determines what elements match a CSS selector?
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### Optional fun Questions:
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* What's the coolest thing you've ever coded, what are you most proud of?
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* Do you know the HTML5 gang sign?
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* Are you now, or have you ever been, on a boat.
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* What are your favorite parts about the developer tools you use?
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* Do you have any pet projects? What kind?
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* Explain the significance of "cornify".
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* On a piece of paper, write down the letters A B C D E vertically. Now put these in descending order without writing one line of code.
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* Wait and see if they turn the paper upside down
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* Pirate or Ninja?
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* Bonus if it's a combo and a good reason was given (+2 for zombie monkey pirate ninjas)
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* If not Web Development, what would you be doing?
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* Where in the world is Carmen Sandiego?
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* Hint: their answer is always wrong
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* What's your favorite feature of Internet Explorer?
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* Complete this sentence: Brendan Eich and Doug Crockford are the __________ of javascript.
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* jQuery: a great library or the greatest library? Discuss.
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* http://www.w3schools.com/ or http://w3fools.com/
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